Introduction to Psychology Notes 1/8/15

1/8/15

Introduction to Psychology Notes 

• Goals of psychology(5 Types)

1.  Observe
2.  Predict
3.  Explain
4.  Describe
5.  Control

• History of Psychology 

1. Mind and body are connected

             - The Hebrews
             - Aristotle
             - Augustine
     2. Mind and body are distinct
             -Socrates
             -Plato
             -Descartes
     3. Same ideas are in born
            -Socrato
            -Plato
     4. The mind is a blank state
            -Aristotle
            -Locke

• Edward Titchener ( Structuralism)

-Structuralism was the first school of psychology.
-Broke don mental processes into the most basic components.
(structures) of conscious experiences
-What did you see, hear, taste,smell, and feel?(Introspection)
-Based on this, how did you behave?

• William James (Functionalism) 

-Focus less on the how of sensation and perception, but rather the why.
-Emphasized the process of how the thoughts formed, change, and how they adapted.

• The Big 7

1. Neuroscience Perspective

-Focus on the how the physical body and brain creates our emotions, memories, and sensor experiences.

    2.   Evolutionary Perspective
- Focus on Darwinism
-We behave the way we do because we inherited those behaviors
-Thus the behaviors must have helped ensure our ancestors survival

    3.   Psychodynamic Perspective
-Father by Sigmund Freud
- Our behavior comes from our unconscious drives
-Usually  stemming from our childhood

    4.   Behavioral Perspective
- Focus on our observable behavior
-Only cares about the behaviors that impair our living and attempts to change them.

    5.   Cognitive Perspective
- Focus on how we think(or encode information)
- How do we see the world?
-How do we learn to act to sad or happy events?
- Cognitive Therapists attempts to change the way you think.

    6.   Social- Cultural Perspective
-Focus on ho your cultural affects your behavior

    7.    Humanistic Perspective
- Focus on positive growth.
-Attempt to seek self-activation.
-Therapists use active listening and unconditional positive regard.